Abstract—Capital punishment, also known as death penalty, is the execution of a criminal who has been sentenced to death by a court of law for a serious felony. The most severe type of punishment is known as the death penalty. The most outrageous and revolting crimes against humanity are punished by it. The death sentence has always been the consequence of such acts, despite the fact that the definition and extent of such crimes varies by country, state, and era. The execution of a person who has been granted a death sentence after being proven guilty of a crime by a court is known as capital punishment, according to Encyclopaedia Britannica. Today's globe has a continually increasing crime rate. More murders, abductions, rapes, terrorist attacks, and instances of child abuse have occurred.
The World Population Review of 2022 estimates that India has an overall crime rate of 44.43. In such a situation, laws and penalties to deter and prevent crime must be put into place straight away. One of the major tenets of modern civilization, which is, punishment is the use of coercion to uphold the law of the Modern views of punishment developed over time, and the state was granted the authority to uphold law and order as well as voluntary control over our rights. . The state must penalise offenders in order to maintain law and order in society. The punishments could range from fines and time behind bars to the death sentence or life in prison. The worst or most severe punishment at the moment is death sentence sometimes known as capital punishment. The death sentence is used when a crime is so horrible that it could terrorise society as a whole. Only offences that meet the criteria for the rarest of rare doctrine are subject to the death penalty.
The most severe kind of punishment, capital punishment, is meted out to individuals who have done crimes that are heinous, against humanity, and for which society has to be held to a higher standard. The term ‘capital punishment’ has diverse meanings in different countries around the world, but one thing it always refers to is a death sentence.